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It is not possible to say how many smokers died specifically of smoking. Smoking is directly related to a number of fatal conditions, but it is difficult to point to any given one and say it was caused by smoking, with the exception of some degenerative lung diseases.

It is possible, however, to study large populations and compare the longevity and causes of death of smokers and non-smokers within the population. The following figures came from a study of more than 15,000 doctors in the United Kingdom, which followed them from 1951 to 2001, a period of 50 years.

The excess mortality associated with smoking chiefly involved vascular, neoplastic [tumors, both cancerous and benign], and respiratory diseases that can be caused by smoking.

Men born in 1900-1930 who smoked only cigarettes and continued smoking died on average about 10 years younger than lifelong non-smokers.

Cessation at age 60, 50, 40, or 30 years gained, respectively, about 3, 6, 9, or 10 years of life expectancy.

The excess mortality associated with cigarette smoking was less for men born in the 19th century and was greatest for men born in the 1920s.

The cigarette smoker versus non-smoker probabilities of dying in middle age (35-69) were 42% versus 24% (a twofold Death Rate ratio) for those born in 1900-1909, but were 43% versus 15% (a threefold death rate ratio) for those born in the 1920s.

At older ages, the cigarette smoker versus non-smoker probabilities of surviving from age 70 to 90 were 10% versus 12% at the death rates of the 1950s (that is, among men born around the 1870s) but were 7% versus 33% (again a threefold death rate ratio) at the death rates of the 1990s (that is, among men born around the 1910s).

British Medical Journal 2004;328:1519 (26 June), doi:10.1136/bmj.38142.554479.AE (published 22 June 2004)

These figures speak for themselves.

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13y ago

90%

According to Health Canada 33 percent to 50 percent of all smokers are killed by their habit.

* Smokers die on average 15 years sooner than nonsmokers.

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Q: What percentage of adult deaths is attributed in part to smoking?
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