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The question that you are asking in itself is quite broad as there are many types of nuclear weapons and bombs..

However, there are certain similarities to all of these weapons that are necessary to become nuclear. The materials themselves have to be able to produce a high amount of energy to be able to create that amount of destruction. If you have a chance to look at a Periodic Table, you'll notice the Hydrogen atom at the very beginning. The most popular type of nuclear bomb is the Hydrogen bomb, in which you take a hydrogen atom, and split it up into smaller parts.. However, this in itself takes huge amounts of energy and the energy released from this exothermic (energy-releasing) reaction is why it's so devastating. There's not really much materials used in a nuclear weapon other than a shell to hold the parts together upon needed release, and a machine or something of that nature to bombard the hydrogen atoms to make them split and a supply of hydrogen atoms themselves in order to make a hydrogen bomb.

Now that's just one type of bomb...

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Q: What materials are used in nuclear weapons and bombs?
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