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It was different in only one respect. African slaves were purchased from tribal chiefs and other potentates, and sometimes but not normally captured, and then taken overseas to be sold for plantation work. That was a different technique for getting slaves to where the work was.

In previous centuries, slaves had been captured in war, or taken as prizes from trading ships and then sold in auctions on the quayside. Prisoners of war were regarded as legitimate slaves from the time of the ancient Canaanites, Israelites, Egyptians, Greeks, Persians and Romans. Even in the 19th century, the Ottoman empire based in Turkey enslaved entire families and villages around the Caspian Sea and along the great rivers of Mesopotamia, after local rebellions or insurrections.

For about 900 years, the Saracens, Moors, Barbary Corsairs, Moroccans, Egyptians, Turks and other Arabs had been capturing Europeans on the high seas or as overland travellers. Attacks were made by Barbary Corsairs on European Coastlines as far as Britain, Ireland, and Scandinavia. The main purpose of these attacks was to capture Christian slaves for the Islamic market in North Africa and the Middle East. The men would be put to work and the women kept as house-servants or as concubines.

It is estimated that 5 million Europeans were enslaved by Muslim traders over the period AD 1150 to 1840, mostly along the North African coast of the Mediterranean and also around the Balkans and in the Gulf. This activity was the subject of many novels and operas including "Il Seraglio" [Rescued from the Harem] by Mozart and "The Corsair" by Lord Byron rendered into opera by Verdi and as a famous overture by Berlioz. The new country of USA took particular exception to its citizens being enslaved by Arabs and made naval expeditions along the North African Coast, known as the 1st and 2nd Barbary Wars in 1801-05 and in 1815. Following the Napoleonic Wars and the Congress of Vienna in 1814-5 European powers agreed upon the need to suppress the Barbary corsairs and the practice largely ceased. Occasional incidents continued until finally terminated by the French conquest and annexation of Algiers in 1830

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Q: What made the enslavement of africans in the 17th century diffrent from previous forms of slavery?
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