Aside from the obvious differences, such as the collapsible buttstock and shorter barrel (14.5 inches vs. 20 inches), there are some more subtle ones. The M4 has a higher Front Sight Base to compensate for the shorter sight distance, the M4 uses a different buffer and buffer spring than the M16, the M4 has an indentation in the barrel to accommodate the M203 grenade launcher mount developed for the M4 (government law enforcement M4s typically have a barrel without this indentation), and the M4 has a longer set of feed ramps which also extend into the lower receiver itself.
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