What is the similarities and differences between conduction in metals and nonmetals?

Answer 1

metals:

1) have 1-3 electrons in the outer shell of each metal atom

2) lose electrons easily

3) good reducing agents

4) good conductors of heat and electricity

IN metaks electrons are free to move within a fixed array of positive ions, by colliding the electons can transfer heat through the lattice.

non metals:

1) have 4-8 electrons in their outer shell

2) gain or share valence electrons

3) good oxidizing agents

4) poor conductors of heat and electricity

For non metals, there are relatively few free electrons, so the phonon method dominates. A phonon is a quantum of vibrational energy, and by the combination of many phonons, heat is observed macroscopically.

Answer 2

Similarities: Both metals and nonmetals conduct heat through the movement of atomic vibrations. Differences: Metals generally have a higher thermal conductivity than nonmetals due to their free electrons that can carry heat energy, while nonmetals have lower thermal conductivity as they lack free electrons for efficient heat transfer.