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Mass is a quality of matter (apparently a construct of the Higgs field, but that's probably a little more answer than you were looking for). Weight is mass acted on by gravity.
Mass is usually stated in units of kilograms. Weight can also be stated in kilograms, but is sometimes expressed in newtons.
The mass stays constant, while the weight can change. If you are 90 kg, then on the moon your mass would still be 90 kg, but your weight would be one sixth of that, 15 kg. Weight is the force of attraction exerted on you by the moon or the earth, whichever you happen to be standing on.
In science and engineering mass is described in kilograms, while weight (force) is measured in Newtons which goes back to Newton's second law of motion: force equals mass times the rate of change of momentum. In most cases that can be simplified to force equals mass times acceleration.
A force of 1 Newton causes a 1 kg mass in free motion to increase its speed by 1 meter per second every second.
In practice on the earth's surface a 1 kg mass has a weight of 9.81 Newtons, but in everyday language we say its weight is 1 kg because that works for everyone who is not an astronaut :).
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How can large ships float in water?
The mass of water expelled by the ship is more than the mass of the ship. Hence the buoyant force is more than the weight of the ship and so ship floats.
Why is ship floating on the water but it is made of metal?
Because the volume of water it displaces weighs more than the ship. Archimedes principle says that the upwards force on the ship is equal to the weight (mass) of fluid displaced - so the ship floats
How much weight can water support?
It depends on the density (the mass per unit volume) not just the weight. That is why a one ton anchor sinks while a 100,000 ton ship floats.
Why do needle sinks in water but ship floats?
Whether something sinks when it's placed on water is determined by the amount (weight) of water that it displaces. The needle, being small in size and relatively high in mass (relative to its size), displaces very little water when it is placed on the surface. The weight of the needle will be more than the weight of the water that it displaces and the needle will sink. The ship, though many times heavier than the needle, will displace alot more water than the needle. The ship will float if the weight of the displaced water is more than the weight of the ship.
Does mass alone determine whether an object will float or sink Explain?
No. The relationship between mass and displacement does. Think about ships and boats. If had a big block of steel with the same mass a cargo ship and put it in the water, then it would sink. The ship is shaped so that it displaces enough water to keep itself afloat. If you cut a hole in the bottom of the ship, and then weld that material the side of it, then you haven't changed the mass of it, but it will sink.
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