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Metamorphism is the solid-state recrystallization of pre-existing rocks due to changes in physical and chemical conditions, primarily heat, pressure, and the introduction of chemically active fluids. Mineralogical, chemical and crystallographic changes can occur during this process. Changes at or just beneath Earth's surface due to weathering and/or diagenesis are not classified as metamorphism.
Three types of metamorphism exist: contact, dynamic and regional. Metamorphism produced with increasing pressure and temperature conditions is known as prograde metamorphism. Conversely, decreasing temperatures and pressure characterizeretrograde metamorphism.
Metasomatism is the chemical alteration of a rock by hydrothermal and other fluids. Metasomatism can occur via the action of hydrothermal fluids from an igneous or metamorphic source.
In the igneous environment, metasomatism creates skarns, greisen, and may affect hornfels in the contact metamorphic aureole adjacent to an intrusiverock mass. In the metamorphic environment, metasomatism is created by mass transfer from a volume of metamorphic rock at higher stress andtemperature into a zone with lower stress and temperature, with metamorphic hydrothermal solutions acting as a solvent. This can be envisaged as the metamorphic rocks within the deep crust losing fluids and dissolved mineral components as hydrous minerals break down, with this fluid percolating up into the shallow levels of the crust to chemically change and alter these rocks.
Because metasomatism is a mass transfer process, it is not restricted to the rocks which are changed by addition of chemical elements and minerals or hydrous compounds. In all cases, to produce a metasomatic rock some other rock is also metasomatised, if only by dehydration reactions with minimal chemical change.
Metamorphism is the process where rocks are altered by changes in temperature, pressure, or fluids without addition or removal of material, while metasomatism involves the introduction of new chemical components into rocks through the addition or subtraction of elements by hydrothermal fluids. Metasomatism typically results in significant chemical changes in the rock composition, unlike metamorphism which is more focused on physical changes.
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One major difference between a coastal plain and an interior plain is in?
One major difference between a coastal plain and an interior plain is their location in relation to a coastline. Coastal plains are located adjacent to the coast and are formed by the deposition of sediment from the ocean, while interior plains are located further inland and are often created by the erosion of mountains or other geological processes.
What is the major geographical difference between the Northern and Southern hemispheres?
The major geographical difference between the Northern and Southern hemispheres is the distribution of land and water. The Northern Hemisphere has more landmass, while the Southern Hemisphere has more water, with the vast majority of the Earth's oceans located south of the equator. This difference contributes to variations in climates and ecosystems between the two hemispheres.
A historian is awarded a grant to study the effects of industrial air pollution on sugarcane farms in Brazil. His research will focus on which major historical theme?
A historian is awarded a grant to study the effects of industrial air pollution on sugarcane farms in Brazil. His research will focus on which major historical theme? n…
What is the major difference between igneous and metamorphic rocks?
One major difference between igneous and metamorphic rocks is their formation process. Igneous rocks form from the cooling and solidification of molten magma, while metamorphic rocks form from the alteration of pre-existing rocks through heat and pressure. Another difference is their mineral composition, with igneous rocks typically having a crystalline structure and metamorphic rocks often exhibiting foliation or banding.
What is the difference between metamorphic grade and metamorphic facies?
Metamorphic grade refers to the intensity of metamorphism a rock has undergone, typically based on factors like temperature and pressure. Metamorphic facies, on the other hand, are specific mineral assemblages that represent a set of metamorphic conditions under which rocks form. In essence, metamorphic grade is the overall level of metamorphism, while metamorphic facies are more detailed representations of specific mineral groups formed under certain conditions.
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