Present is now - what is currently happening - and past is anything and everything that has happened (been and gone).
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The values and beliefs are different between the two generations. The traditional values and thoughts are not held in high regard by the present generation.
Was is preterit. Gone! Clean cut. Has been is past "participle", of participate? That is, the emotion of the past act carries into the present, drags into the present as it is remembered and talked about.
Set could be past or present because the present, past and past participle are all the same egset / set / set
"is' is present tense. For past tense use was or were.
It is an adverb, not a verb,; it can accompany a Present, a Past, a Present Perfect, a Past Perfect and a Future verb.