Understood - James understood that he cannot go out.
Understand- He doesn't understand why he can't lift.
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The main difference is that "understand" is the present tense form of the verb, while "understood" is the past tense and past participle form. For example, "I understand the instructions" (present tense) and "I understood the directions" (past tense).
Past tense is understood. understand /understood /understood
The past participle of "understand" is "understood."
The past participle for "understand" is "understood."
The past tense of the word "understand" is "understood."
The past tense of understand is understood, and the past participle is also understood.