The Winkel Tripel projection is an equal-area map projection that reduces distortion compared to the Mercator projection, which is a conformal projection that preserves shapes but distorts sizes, particularly near the poles. The Winkel Tripel projection balances both shape and size distortions, making it more visually appealing for displaying global data, while the Mercator projection is often used for navigation due to its straight rhumb lines.
Lines of longitude on the Mercator projection are straight and evenly spaced, while on the other two projections (such as the Robinson or Winkel Tripel), they are curved and vary in spacing. This distortion in longitude is a trade-off for maintaining accurate shapes and angles on the Mercator projection.
The Mercator Projection, developed by Flemish geographer Gerardus Mercator, was widely used as the standard two-dimensional projection of the earth for world maps until the late 20th century, when more accurate projections were formulated. Mercator was also the first to use and popularize the concept of the atlas as a collection of maps.
Goode's Interrupted Projection
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The Winkel triple projection is a projection adopted by the National Geographic to better identify the golbe in its entirety.
Flat maps that represent a portion of the round earth are called "world maps". These maps use projections to show the Earth's curved surface on a flat surface, with distortions in size, shape, distance, or direction. Popular world maps include the Mercator projection, the Peters projection, and the Winkel Tripel projection.
Winkel-Tripel
The other popular map projections include the so-called "compromise" projections, including: Robinson Winkel Tripel Dymaxion (Buckminster Fuller) Butterfly Map (Cahill) Kavrayskiy Wagner pseudocylindrical Chamberlin trimetric Fine's cordiform
The Robinson projection map shows the shapes of the continents more accurately than the Mercator projection map, but both distort the sizes of landmasses, making areas near the poles appear larger than they are. Waterways and continents are more accurately depicted in size and shape on specialized maps like the Winkel Tripel projection, which aims to balance size and shape distortions.
Mercator Projection : longitude and latitude as straight, parallel lines Conic Projection : a circular map made from a flattened cone, centered on a pole or other point Gall-Peters Projection : relocates standard parallels, narrows longitudinal spacing Robinson Projection : approximates a true spherical view of the Earth, except the poles Winkel Tripel Projection : an azimuth approximation of the world view, similar to Robinson The most widely used is the Mercator projection, the major disadvantage being its area expansions (areas closer to the poles appear larger and lack their true shapes). The Gall-Peters Projection provides a closer approximation of the relative areas. All flat representations of a spherical surface will create variances in "true" size or shape. (see image links)
Mercator Projection : longitude and latitude as straight, parallel lines Conic Projection : a circular map made from a flattened cone, centered on a pole or other point Gall-Peters Projection : relocates standard parallels, narrows longitudinal spacing Robinson Projection : approximates a true spherical view of the Earth, except the poles Winkel Tripel Projection : an azimuth approximation of the world view, similar to Robinson The most widely used is the Mercator projection, the major disadvantage being its area expansions (areas closer to the poles appear larger and lack their true shapes). The Gall-Peters Projection provides a closer approximation of the relative areas. All flat representations of a spherical surface will create variances in "true" size or shape. (see image links)
The Robinson projection map has fairly accurate shapes in the center but distorts towards the edges. It strikes a balance between distorting both shape and area, making it useful for general purposes.