Sadism is getting aroused by the pain of another, whereas masochism is being aroused when you yourself are in pain.
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Sadism involves deriving pleasure from inflicting pain or humiliation on others, while masochism involves deriving pleasure from experiencing physical or emotional pain or humiliation oneself. Both sadism and masochism are forms of sexual practices within BDSM (Bondage, Discipline, Submission, Dominance).
Masochism refers to deriving pleasure from experiencing pain or humiliation oneself, while sadomasochism involves both deriving pleasure from inflicting pain or humiliation on others (sadism) and experiencing pain or humiliation oneself (masochism). Sadomasochism encompasses a broader range of behaviors and desires compared to masochism alone.
Self-harm is usually a coping mechanism related to emotional distress and is not necessarily linked to masochism or sadism. Masochism involves deriving pleasure from experiencing pain, while sadism involves deriving pleasure from inflicting pain on others. Self-harm is often a complex behavior with various underlying causes, and it is essential to approach it with understanding and support rather than judgment.
I do not condone the use of sadism in any context, as it involves deriving pleasure from inflicting pain or suffering on others, which is unethical and harmful.
Sadism in past tense would be referred to as sadism, as the term does not change when moving from present to past tense. Sadism is derived from the name of the Marquis de Sade, a French nobleman known for his erotic and violent writings.
The word 'sadistic' is the adjective form of the abstract noun sadism.