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A polysome is a group of ribosomes reading a an mRNA transcript in the cytosol not bound to an endoplasmic reticulum whereas a Ribosome is the single structure that could or could not be reading an mRNA transcript at any given time. Free ribosomes tend to hang out on endoplasmic reticulum(ER), making that ER rough, giving it the name rough endoplasmic reticulum. Polysomes also tend to make cytosolic proteins that will usually remain inside of the cell, whereas ribososmes on the RER will make proteins into the leumen of the ER they are bound to...to be futher modified and sent to the Golgi to be packaged and enevtually secreted (sent outside of the cell)
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A polysome is?
A polysome is a complex formed by multiple ribosomes simultaneously translating the same mRNA molecule. This allows for efficient and rapid protein synthesis in cells.
What is the difference between a bacterial rIbosome and a eukaryotic ribosome?
Bacterial ribosomes are smaller (70S) compared to eukaryotic ribosomes (80S). Additionally, bacterial ribosomes have fewer proteins and do not have as many modification sites as eukaryotic ribosomes. The antibiotic targeting sites also differ between bacterial and eukaryotic ribosomes.
Can more than one ribosome at a time translate an mRNA transcript?
Yes, multiple ribosomes can simultaneously translate a single mRNA transcript in a process known as polysome formation. This allows for efficient production of proteins from a single mRNA molecule.
What is a free ribosome?
A free ribosome is a ribosome that is not attached to any membrane within the cell. It synthesizes proteins that are used within the cell itself.
What hold the ribosomes together in polysomes?
Ribosomes in polysomes are held together by mRNA. Multiple ribosomes can bind to a single mRNA molecule to form a polysome, allowing for simultaneous translation of the mRNA into multiple proteins.
