An overtone is any frequency higher than the fundamental frequency of a sound.
The fundamental and the overtones together are called partials.
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Overtones refer specifically to the higher frequency components of a fundamental frequency, whereas partials encompass all frequencies, including the fundamental frequency. In other words, overtones are a subset of partials.
The fundamental note is the lowest frequency produced by a vibrating object. Overtones are higher frequency components that accompany the fundamental note, adding richness and complexity to the sound. The relationship between the fundamental note and its overtones is that the overtones are integer multiples of the frequency of the fundamental note.
Fundamental frequency refers to the lowest frequency of a sound wave, which determines its pitch. Overtones are higher frequencies that accompany the fundamental frequency and contribute to the timbre or tone quality of the sound. The fundamental frequency is the building block upon which overtones are based.
Overtones are higher frequency components that result from vibrating objects producing multiple frequencies, including the fundamental frequency. Harmonics specifically refer to the multiples of the fundamental frequency produced by a vibrating object. In other words, harmonics are a subset of overtones.
Timbre is the term that is defined as the quality given to a sound by its overtones. It is what allows us to distinguish between different musical instruments or voices, even when they are playing/singing the same note.
timbre