Noise (as related to a radio signal I suppose) is an unwanted signal being processed by a receiver. Attenuation is a loss of the intended signal before it gets to the receiver (usually due to such things as distance, line of sight obstructions, etc.
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Noise refers to unwanted random signals that can distort or interfere with the transmission of a desired signal. Attenuation, on the other hand, is a reduction in the strength of a signal as it travels through a medium, such as a cable or fiber optic line. Attenuation can result from factors like distance, obstacles, or the characteristics of the medium itself.
A good value for dB attenuation depends on the specific application. In general, higher dB attenuation values indicate better noise reduction or signal loss. For example, a dB attenuation value of 20-30 dB is commonly seen in noise-canceling headphones, while 40-60 dB attenuation is typical for industrial ear protection.
Noise attenuation technology works by using materials or devices to absorb, block, or cancel out unwanted sounds in a specific environment. This can be achieved through the use of sound-absorbing materials, soundproofing barriers, or active noise-cancelling technology that emits sound waves to counteract and reduce incoming noise.
Attenuation in ultrasound refers to the weakening of the ultrasound beam as it travels through tissue. This weakening is due to factors like absorption, scattering, and reflection of the sound waves by tissues. Attenuation is important in determining image quality and depth of penetration in ultrasound imaging.
Low attenuation refers to a situation where the signal strength remains strong over long distances, resulting in minimal loss of signal quality. High attenuation, on the other hand, indicates a significant decrease in signal strength over distance, leading to potential loss of signal quality.
The opposite of attenuation is amplification. Amplification involves increasing the strength or intensity of a signal, sound, or electrical current, while attenuation involves decreasing it.