"Mitigation" refers to a tendency to lessen the negative effects of something and "aggravation" refers to a tendency to increase the negative effects of something. I imagine that the context of these two concepts is in respect to criminal legal proceedings, so mitigating circumstances are those that tend to make the crime less awful or more justifiable, such as someone stealing a loaf of bread to feed their starving family, and aggravating circumstances are those that make a crime more awful or less justifiable, such as torturing someone before murdering them.
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Mitigating circumstances are factors that lessen the severity or culpability of an offense, such as a defendant's lack of criminal history or remorse. Aggravating circumstances, on the other hand, are factors that increase the severity of an offense, such as the use of violence or the impact on the victim.
The main difference between a misdemeanor DUI and a felony DUI is the severity of the offense. A misdemeanor DUI typically involves first or second time offenses with no significant aggravating factors, while a felony DUI usually involves multiple DUI convictions, serious injury or death caused by driving under the influence, or other aggravating circumstances that elevate the offense to a felony level. Felony DUIs carry harsher penalties, including longer jail time and higher fines.
Intrinsic evil refers to actions that are always wrong, regardless of the circumstances or intentions behind them, such as murder or lying. Extrinsic evil, on the other hand, refers to actions that are morally neutral in themselves but may become evil depending on the circumstances or intentions, such as stealing to feed one's family.
"Crime scene" refers to the physical location where a crime took place, including evidence and potential clues. "Scene of a crime" is a broader term that can refer to not just the physical location, but also the surrounding circumstances and events related to the crime.
Slaves were people who were forced to work without pay and were considered property. Convicts were individuals found guilty of a crime and sentenced to punishment, such as prison time or hard labor. Blackbirders were individuals who coerced or kidnapped people into forced labor, often in the context of the transatlantic slave trade. The key difference between convicts and blackbirders is that convicts were legally sentenced for a crime, whereas blackbirders were involved in illegal and often violent practices of capturing individuals for forced labor.
A fracture is a break in a material, such as a bone or rock, due to stress or force. Cleavage, on the other hand, refers to the way minerals break along flat planes determined by their crystal structure. Fracture is irregular, while cleavage is more controlled and predictable.