Evolution is a process, theories of evolution are theories which explain that process
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Evolution is the process by which species change over time through natural selection. Theories of evolution, such as Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection, are explanations for how evolution occurs and the mechanisms driving it. In essence, evolution is the phenomenon, while theories of evolution are the explanations for how it happens.
The theory of evolution is the overarching scientific framework that explains how biological evolution occurs. Biological evolution refers specifically to the change in inherited characteristics of populations over generations. Biological evolution is the observed process that supports the theory of evolution.
There are no scientific theories that disprove evolution. Evolution is a well-supported scientific theory that is backed by a vast amount of evidence from various scientific fields. Any claims to the contrary are not supported by scientific consensus.
Both gradualism and punctuated equilibrium are theories of evolution. They both propose that species evolve over time in response to their environment. The main difference is in the pace of change - gradualism suggests that evolution occurs slowly and steadily, while punctuated equilibrium proposes that it occurs in rapid bursts separated by long periods of stasis.
The two main theories regarding the origin of people are the theory of evolution, which posits that humans evolved from apelike ancestors over millions of years, and the theory of creationism, which suggests that humans were created by a divine being in their present form. Both theories have proponents and detractors, and the debate between them continues to this day.
Darwin's theory of evolution proposes that species evolve through natural selection and adaptation over time. Conflicting theories may include ideas such as creationism, which posits that species were created in their current form by a higher power. Other conflicting theories may suggest different mechanisms for how species change over time, such as Lamarckism, which proposes that acquired traits can be passed down to offspring.