Arrowroot is a starch obtained from the rhizomes of several tropical plants, primarily Maranta arundinacea. It is commonly used as a thickening agent in cooking and baking. Maida, on the other hand, is a finely milled wheat flour used in Indian cuisine to make breads, pastries, and other baked goods. The main difference between the two is their source and composition, with arrowroot being a plant-based starch and maida being a wheat-based flour.
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There is very little difference between cake flour and maida other than there being produced and used in different areas of the world. Either pastry flour or all purpose flour may be successfully substituted for maida.