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The Phase Variation is the reversible ability of some bacteria to turn an and off the expression of genes coding for the surface antigens .

While the Antigenic Variation is the modification of the gene for an expressed surface antigen by genetic recombination with one of many variable unexpressed DNA sequences.

In this manner , the expressed surface antigen can assume many different antigenic structures

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12y ago
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5mo ago

Antigenic variation involves changes in surface antigens on a microorganism to evade the host immune response, while phase variation involves reversible on/off switching of certain genes to alter the expression of specific surface molecules. Both mechanisms contribute to pathogen adaptation and immune evasion.

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Q: What is the difference between antigenic and phase variation?
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