With an indirect water heating system and cylinder, the water that circulates around the boiler, pipes and radiators is kept totally separate from the stored water in the cylinder that is used for bathing.
From the outside the indirect cylinder looks identical to the direct cylinder save from two additional pipe connections on the side of the cylinder. Inside the cylinder a coil heat exchanger is installed, which allows hot water from the boiler to flow into the upper connection and leave at the lower connection to return to the boiler for re-heating. The hot water in the coil indirectly heats the water in the cylinder.
A Direct Cylinder is heated by a source located within the cylinder - such as an electrical immersion heater. Because the Immersion Heater is heating the water 'directly' the cylinder is called a 'Direct Cylinder'. In a direct cylinder there are no other external heat sources.
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An indirect cylinder is heated by an external heat source, such as a boiler, where the water within the cylinder does not come into contact with the heat source directly. A direct cylinder, on the other hand, has an internal heating element, such as an immersion heater, that heats the water within the cylinder directly.
Direct measurement techniques involve measuring a quantity directly, such as using a ruler to measure length. Indirect measurement techniques involve using other measurements or calculations to determine the quantity, such as using the Pythagorean theorem to find the height of a tree.
In a double-acting cylinder, direct operation involves using fluid pressure to extend and retract the piston rod. Indirect operation refers to using external mechanical devices, such as valves and switches, to control the flow of fluid in order to move the piston in both directions.
Direct vision involves seeing an object directly through observation, such as looking at cells under a microscope. Indirect vision involves using instruments like mirrors or lenses to view an object that cannot be seen directly, like examining the back of the eye with an ophthalmoscope.
Charles's Law is a direct relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas at constant pressure. This means that as the temperature of a gas increases, its volume also increases, and vice versa.
Direct measurement methods involve obtaining data through direct observation or physical measurement, while indirect measurement methods involve using other data or calculations to estimate the desired quantity. Direct methods are typically more accurate as they involve measuring the actual quantity of interest, while indirect methods may introduce errors due to assumptions or estimations. The choice of method can impact the accuracy of results obtained, with direct methods generally providing more precise and reliable measurements.