Stretcher is the original term used for a bed-like device to transport patients. The original stretchers composed only of two bars and fabric and was lifted by two or more people from each end. Then there came modernized stretchers with wheels for easy transport over pavements etc. A Gurney is essentially a stretcher but with legs that can fold horizontally so that it's easier to lift a patient and place him on it. In conclusion, a gurney is just a collapsible stretcher.
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