The primary effector creates a signal that can diffuse within the cell. This signal is called the "secondary messenger." (The neurotransmitter is the first messenger.) The secondary messenger may then activate a "secondary effector" whose effects depend on the particular secondary messenger system.
Primary endocrine pathology refers to dysfunction within an endocrine gland itself, causing abnormal hormone production. Secondary endocrine pathology results from dysfunction in the pituitary gland or hypothalamus, leading to inadequate stimulation or suppression of hormone production in the target endocrine gland.
The combination of an endocrine gland and a hormone is a working endocrine gland that has a chemical messenger called a hormone. The hormone can be either manufactured by that gland itself, a stored hormone that another gland made, or it can be a positive or negative feedback hormone as part of the hormonal control system.
Hormone.
The primary hormone produced by the testes is testosterone, which plays a crucial role in male reproductive tissues and secondary sexual characteristics.
Peptide hormones bind to cell surface receptors, activating signaling pathways that involve the generation of second messengers within the cell. The first messenger (peptide hormone) triggers the activation of specific proteins or enzymes that then generate the second messenger molecules, such as cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) or inositol trisphosphate (IP3), initiating a cascade of cellular responses.
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because original message is carried by hormone, which cant act directly, so in turn it activates cyclic AMP.
Primary endocrine pathology refers to dysfunction within an endocrine gland itself, causing abnormal hormone production. Secondary endocrine pathology results from dysfunction in the pituitary gland or hypothalamus, leading to inadequate stimulation or suppression of hormone production in the target endocrine gland.
Testosterone, the male hormone.
hormone or neurotransmitter
An example of a chemical messenger is a hormone, such as insulin or adrenaline, which is produced by glands in the body and travels through the bloodstream to target cells to regulate various physiological processes.
The hormone that plays a crucial role in the development and release of a secondary oocyte is luteinizing hormone (LH). It is released by the pituitary gland and triggers ovulation, the process by which the mature ovarian follicle releases the secondary oocyte.
blood
The most prominent hormone involved in secondary sex characteristics for a male is testosterone.
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Testosterone
estrogen