grafting is when you add a piece of something else to something. for instance, in a skin graft, you take a piece of skin from a healthy area and add it to the area that needs skin. in tree grafting, a healthy root system is attached to a healthy tree to replace its old root system and they grow together.
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A graft involves transferring tissue or cells from one part of the body to another, while a transplant involves transferring tissue or organs from one individual (donor) to another (recipient). In grafting, the tissue remains within the same individual, while in transplantation, the tissue is transferred between two individuals.
the name of a graft between identical twins is called an isograft transplant, when the tissue or organ is prelevated from a donor genetically very close to the receiver, like an identical twin. Immunologically, it is closer to an autograft transplant, and some specialists even consider it an autograft transplant.
Acute graft vs host disease occurs within the first 100 days after a transplant and affects the skin, liver, and gut. Chronic graft vs host disease develops later and can affect multiple organs, causing long-term complications.
A homograft is a tissue transplant between individuals of the same species but different genetic makeup, while an allograft is a tissue transplant between genetically different individuals of the same species. Homografts are often used in the context of blood transfusions or organ transplants between humans with similar genetic backgrounds, whereas allografts are more commonly associated with organ transplants between unrelated individuals.
Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) can occur after a bone marrow or stem cell transplant, where the transplanted donor cells attack the recipient's tissues. It is a potentially serious complication that can develop in various types of transplants, including those for leukemia, lymphoma, and other blood disorders.
An example of an allograft is a kidney transplant in which a donated kidney from a living or deceased donor is transplanted into a recipient's body. The donated kidney comes from a genetically different individual but is matched for compatibility to minimize the risk of rejection.