A rim fire cartridge has the primer built into the rim of the shell casing. The casing must have a wide flat part at the back. A center fire has the primer in the center of the rear of the casing. The rim fire is less expensive to manufacture but is more prone to jamming. The rim fire is not suitable for rapid fire applications or rough handling.
NO.
The difference is explained in the name. A rim fire rifle uses ammunition where the hammer strikes the rim of the bullet. In a center fire rifle, the hammer hits the the center of the bullet. Rim fire ammunition is usually small, like a .22, and center fire ammo is generally larger.
Not a factory chambering
Center fire cartridges have a primer at the rear center. Rimfire cartridges have priming compound in a fold all the way around the cartridge rim. The firing pin pinches a point on the rim, making the cartridge fire. They are not considered to be reloadable.
The Ithaca rifles are rimfire. Most are .22LR, but there is at least one .22 magnum.
The simple answer, No. Center fire is associated with cartridge guns and refers to the location that the firing pin strikes the cartridge or more precisely the primer. If you look at a .308 shell for instance you will see a round button at thebottom of the shell, that is the primer and the "center" of the shell. Thus a center fire. The newer in line rifles that use 209 shotgun primers could be very loosely categorized as center fire rifles, but in common terms are known as in line ignition.
Rim Fire bullets (Rifles or guns) require a firing pin that strikes the bullet casing and the resulting explosion of gunpowder in the shell fires the bullet out of the barrel. Air guns have NO firing pin. An air valve or piston forces air or C02 into the barrel behind the pellet or BB and this shoots the projectile out of the barrel.
Nobody. The .17 HMR (for Hornady Magnum Rimfire), is a rimfire cartridge, not a center fire cartridge.Anschutz, CZ-USA, Henry, Weatherby, Ruger, Remington, Marlin, Browning, Savage, and Crickett are among the list of manufacturers who manufactures .17HMR rifles, but, as with the cartridge, they are all rimfire rifles.
The SA80 fires the 5.56x45 mm cartridge. This is one of the smallest calibers for center-fire rifles.
What
There are literally hundreds, if not thousands, of options in centerfire rifles. Just as those options differ between each other, so do their prices. Try to narrow your criteria down to something reasonable.
The difference is that the kindle fire is thicker but has more chances than the nook.