An embedded system has a self-contained operating system on a "chip" thus embedded into the system and does not rely on having a hard disk with the operating system on it. Not to mention that is will be much faster because the access time of the OS on a chip.
More specifically...
An embedded system has historically been defined as a single function product where the intelligence is embedded in the system. It could be anything from a dishwasher to a hearing aid, if that product includes a microprocessor and software.
A PC is designed to be a general purpose computing environment.
Many of today's embedded systems are looking more like PCs with user interfaces, touchscreens, displays, keypads and more. Still, these are not general function systems but are designed to perform very specific functions.
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ð An embedded system is differ from the general purpose in the view of their purpose. The general purpose computers are the computers that are designed to perform many operations and which can be reconfigured for a new purpose where as an embedded is designed only meant for one purpose.ð An embedded system has a self-contained operating system on a "chip" hence embedded into the system and does not depend on having a hard disk with the operating system on it, whereas in the general purpose computer an operating system need to be present in the hard disk.ð Example for an embedded system is a portable music player; example for general purpose computer is PCs.
The difference between a single board computer and microcontroller is that a single board lacks a general purpose interface and the mass storage devices.
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Coding is more general -- there are many kinds of codes and different reasons for them. However, when it comes to computer slang, there is no difference between coding and programming.
computer application is just software, IT (information technology) in general is an organization, or the persons within that organization. They are totally different, apple and Apple computer!
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An embedded system or embedded computer system is a computer system which is designed to perform one or more tasks related to a particular real time application with application specific microcontroller or microprocessor based circuitry embedded in it.They are aimed at providing responses within a set deadline by the manufactured who would have deviced it from customers point of view. In contrast,general purpose computer system is a computer system which is designed to perform one or more tasks related to general purpose applications with a general purpose microprocessor based circuitry either existing as a separate unit(as in desktop) or embedded(as in palmtop,laptop).They are mainly aimed at providing maximum throughput(Throughput refers to measure of system's execution efficiency in instructions per second).A general purpose computer is a non-real time system,in the sense it need not meet deadlines.A general purpose computer is built around various embedded peripherals such as mouse,printer, router,scanner,etc.Real time system refers to a system which responds to any user input with minimum latency.Since PC's are surrounded by embedded peripherals they cannot come under category of embedded systems because of the following reason: They require a external reset by the user when system hangs.whereas in embedded systems an on chip WDT (WatchDogTimer ,also referred to as COP[ComputerOperatingProperly]timer automatically resets the system under such condition.