oestrogen and progesterone
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The hormone that regulates the menstrual cycle in women is estrogen. Estrogen is responsible for thickening the lining of the uterus during the first half of the cycle, leading up to ovulation. It also plays a role in the development of secondary sexual characteristics.
Women typically produce eggs during their menstrual cycle around the middle of the cycle, usually around day 14. This process is known as ovulation.
Luteinizing hormone (LH) is responsible for stimulating the production of testosterone in males and the release of eggs from the ovaries in females. It also plays a role in the regulation of the menstrual cycle in women.
A typical menstrual cycle is around 28 days, but it can range from 21 to 35 days. Each menstrual cycle includes the shedding of the uterine lining and the release of an egg for possible fertilization.
No, trans women do not menstruate or have a menstrual cycle.Trans women don't have a uterus or ovaries, many trans women also don't have vagina's, and thus without the female anatomy they do not experience a menstrual cycle as cis women and trans men. Trans women who take hormones can experience menstrual cycle symptoms, their hormones can be similar to cis women so they may experience hormonal shifts like cis women. PMS is also a social construct so they can experience PMS symptoms like cis women.
The estrous cycle occurs in most mammals, including dogs and cats, and is typically shorter and more predictable than the menstrual cycle in humans. In the estrous cycle, females are only sexually receptive during a specific period, while in the menstrual cycle in humans, women are sexually receptive throughout the cycle but can only conceive during ovulation.