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EzraCannabinoid receptors in the brain can be impacted by drugs like THC (found in cannabis/marijuana) and synthetic cannabinoids (e.g., Spice/K2). These compounds can mimic the effects of natural cannabinoids in the brain, leading to alterations in mood, memory, and perception.
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What is the difference between direct acting and indirect acting cholinergic drugs?
Direct acting cholinergic drugs directly bind to and activate cholinergic receptors, while indirect acting cholinergic drugs increase cholinergic activity by inhibiting the enzyme acetylcholinesterase, which breaks down acetylcholine. Direct acting drugs include bethanechol and pilocarpine, while indirect acting drugs include donepezil and physostigmine.
Why do some drugs have narrower spectra than others?
Some drugs target specific receptors or enzymes in the body, leading to a narrower spectrum of activity. Other drugs may have broader activity by interacting with multiple targets in the body. The specificity of a drug's action is often determined by its chemical structure and mechanism of action.
What happens when acetylcholine receptors are blocked?
Blocking acetylcholine receptors can lead to a decrease in cholinergic transmission in the body. This can result in muscle weakness, altered heart rate, and impairments in cognitive function. Blocking these receptors is a mechanism of action for certain medications, such as neuromuscular blocking agents used during surgery.
What is a substance given to neutralize unwanted effects of drugs?
An example of a substance given to neutralize unwanted effects of drugs is activated charcoal, which can help absorb and eliminate medications or toxins from the body. Another example is naloxone, used to reverse the effects of opioid overdose by blocking opioid receptors in the brain.
What is the relationship between drugs and the transmission of neurotransmitters?
Drugs can impact neurotransmitter transmission by either mimicking or blocking the action of neurotransmitters at the synapse. For example, drugs like cocaine can block the reuptake of neurotransmitters like dopamine, leading to increased neurotransmitter levels in the synapse. This alteration in neurotransmitter levels can result in changes in brain function and behavior.
