Russia has the largest arsenal, followed by the United States.
Statistics
Russia has the most, with at least 16,800 nuclear weapons. The USA is in second with at least 9,600. I should point out that North Korea has about 5. Compare that to the number the US has and ask yourself it it's logical for the US to protest NK nukes.
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The Russian Federation has the most nuclear weapons as of 2010 (Se Guiness World Records Book 2010
The first country to develop nuclear elements I'm not sure, but the first country to develop a nuclear weapon was the united states. Also the former soviet union has the most nuclear missiles in the world but they are from the cold war, old and outdated, America has sophisticated missile systems that can sent a warhead almost anywhere on the planet
at this this time (2013) russia has the most, closely followed by the US. other countries have no more than 1/10 of what these do.
Russia
The country with the biggest stock of nuclear weapons, and hence, the biggest productor is the Russian Federation. They have over 12,000 nuclear warheads.