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The two basic assumptions of human behavior are that individuals are motivated by their needs and desires, and that individuals seek to maximize pleasure and minimize pain in their interactions and decision-making processes.
There are two types of basic human behavior. Innate behavior, which is automatic and exhibited by all individuals. Learned behavior, which is modified by experience and will vary. Both of these behaviors are triggered by stimulus.
The two aspects of human behavior are nature (biological or genetic influences) and nurture (environmental or upbringing influences). Nature refers to traits that are inherited, while nurture includes the social, cultural, and environmental factors that shape behavior.
Sigmund Freud identified two primary drives or instincts that motivate human behavior: Eros (the life instinct) which drives behavior focused on survival, reproduction, and pleasure; and Thanatos (the death instinct) which drives aggressive and destructive behavior.
Two major approaches in psychology are the biological approach, which emphasizes the role of genetics, neurochemistry, and brain structure in behavior, and the cognitive approach, which focuses on how mental processes such as perception, thinking, and memory influence behavior. Each approach offers unique insights into understanding human behavior and mental processes.
Psychologists typically use observation and experimentation as their primary tools to learn about the human mind. Through these methods, psychologists can gather data, analyze patterns, and draw conclusions about human behavior and mental processes.