Intaglio: image is etched into the surface, smeared with ink (which sticks in the recessed areas), and (using damp paper) put through a press. The ink is transferred from the recessed areas to the paper.
Relief: Pretty much the opposite; the parts you don't want are carved away, ink rolled on, and dry paper pressed onto it. In layman's terms, it's a big stamp.
meaning of graphic processes
The two most common types of relief printing are woodcut, where an image is carved into a block of wood and the raised surface is inked and pressed onto paper, and linocut, where a design is carved into a piece of linoleum and inked in a similar manner.
wood carving
Relief, Planography, intaglio, porous, impactless, binding, and finishing
intaglio is when a design is carved into a surface such that it appears as a depression. cameo is when the required design appears as relief left remaining on the surface as the unrequired material is chipped away. it appears raised or as an embossing on the surface.
An intaglio plate, more commonly referred to as an etching plate in the United States, is a metal plate (usually zinc or copper) which has been coated with a resistant substance, draw upon with a sharp stylus (breaking through the coating), and then etched in acid to create lines within the plate. Ink is then forced into the grooves within the plate; under pressure the plate will release the ink unto dampened paper, creating an "etching" or "intaglio" print. Side note - roughly translated, "intaglio" is Italian for "within the surface."
Relief printing is printing from a block (usually wood) where the image to be printed is raised and the parts that are to be blank are removed or cut away. An example would be an ink pad and stamp. Gravure printing is an expensive and high quality printing that uses direct contact between etched copper plate printing rollers and the paper. It is most often reserved for printing wall coverings and the like.
Cameo Surface: The surface that you can see. Intaglio Surface: The surface that you cannot see. Example, there is a dish on the table. Upper side of the dish is cameo surface and the bottom side of the dish is intaglio surface.
In relief printmaking, the matrix is a block of wood or linoleum. Using knives and gouges, the artist cuts away lines and areas. When the artist rolls or dabs ink onto the block, the ink adheres only to the surface, skipping over the cut-away areas.Intaglio (from the Italian world to carve) might be considered the reverse of relief printing.The matrix in intaglio is a thin plate of metal (usually zinc or copper), plexiglass, or any other surface in which a line can be engraved. Each intaglio process uses a different method of creating permanent marks on the plate.
Johannes Gutenberg is known for inventing the printing press using movable type around the mid-15th century, which utilized relief printing techniques. This innovation revolutionized the spread of information and is considered a pivotal moment in the history of printing.
C. L. Burdick has written: 'Colouring relief printing with the aerograph' 'Printing without printing rollers'
While block printing all involves some type of carved block there are a few different types of printing. Stamping is where you place the block on a piece of material or paper and apply pressure to transfer the design. Another method is rubbing. This method involves putting the block on a flat surface, placing the paper or material over the block and rubbing the back of the material to transfer the design. The third method is to use a printing press.