What are the differences between mercury and Venus's?

Answer 1

Both planets are closer to the Sun than Earth, and are hotter, but for different reasons. They both rotate much more slowly than Earth, but for different reasons, and neither has a moon. They both have solid surfaces, but neither has any liquid water or any apparent lifeforms.

However, the two planets are very different in several ways:

• Atmosphere - Mercury is much closer to the Sun, so that whatever atmosphere it has exists as a thin layer of ions. Venus has a thick cloud cover that covers the whole planet and is almost entirely carbon dioxide.
• Variation in Temperature - Venus is even hotter (460 °C) than Mercury's sun-facing side, because the atmosphere traps solar heat. When one side of Mercury is hot, the other is in a deep freeze.
• Size - Venus is almost a twin of the Earth in size, while Mercury is the smallest of the 8 major planets, less than half the size of Venus.
• Spin - Venus spins "backward" compared to Mercury and the other planets. It takes 243 days to make one clockwise turn.
• Day Length - Mercury rotates more quickly, but has a longer solar day than Venus. (It rotates once every 59 Earth days, but its year is only 88 days, so any location will be in sunlight for 88 Earth Days and then night for 88 Earth days. Venus's solar day is about 116 Earth days.
• Water - There is ice on Mercury, in deep craters near the poles. Venus is uniformly dry and hot, with almost no water vapor, and no liquid water or ice.
• Craters - Some craters on pock-marked Mercury have been there for many millions of years, but Venus seems to have a geologic process that slowly resurfaces the planet.
• Magnetic Field - Mercury has a weak but definite magnetic field. If Venus has one, it is practically undetectable.

Answer 2

Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun, while Venus is the second planet from the Sun. Mercury has little to no atmosphere, while Venus has a thick, toxic atmosphere composed mainly of carbon dioxide. Additionally, Mercury has extreme temperature variations between its day and night sides, whereas Venus has a consistent high temperature due to its greenhouse effect.