Libraries hold materials that have been published in various formats (books, periodicals, cds and dvds, etc.), while archives hold primary sources--the original documents themselves, which are generally unique. Because archival materials are generally irreplaceable, archives are more restricted that libraries, even libraries that don't allow borrowing. Library users are generally able to browse open stacks and handle and often borrow materials. The rules, techniques and professional development for each are also different for this reason. Issues of preservation are more imperative for archives than for most libraries. Libraries do sometimes hold archival collections that fall under the same rules of handling and access as archival collections.
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Libraries focus on collecting and providing access to published materials like books and journals, while archives focus on collecting and preserving unique and original documents, such as manuscripts and photographs. Libraries often circulate materials for use outside the library, while archives typically do not. Archives may also have more restrictions on accessing materials due to their historical and often fragile nature.
Libraries have archives. The archives are usually the reference files, the valuable resources ie irreplacable books maps etc or outdated books that are kept for reference value