No,
1963
There is no such thing as a gun license in the US. There are concealed carry permits/licenses and dealers licenses.
It depends on what you mean by license, and where you are located. If you mean a permit to carry a gun, in most U.S. states, the minimum age is 21.
No state requires that shotguns be licensed.
Contact the maker, gun show, gun shop, library
Contact your local police.
it was made in 1954
1971
Serial number tables, if published
Depends on where you are. Different laws in different places.
No ... but their may be an age requirement.