Having tiles untold bathrooms I always do the floor LAST this saves dropping tiles etc on to the nice new expensive tile. However, when tiling the walls first leave out the bottom row of wall tile (here you can place your straight edge datum, put in the floor tile then set that last row of wall tile and leave a 1/8" gap between the floor and wall tiles and fill with same water proof grout as the floor tiles have
If it sits over a cement floor, then no. If it is a nailed down floor, then you can, but you still have to install a cement board.
Yes, but you should you use an adhesive that is ductile
yes, but it will slide over the years so I would not
You shouldn't. You need a surface that will allow the adhesive to make a good bond to. There are different types, read the instructions for the one you buy and apply it to the recommended sub floor.
Can you and should you are two different things. You could, but you wouldn't be happy with your results. It's always best to remove all old floor covering prior to installing new ceramic tiles. Whether you buy expensive tile or find cheap ceramic tile for sale, you always want a clean and solid surface to start with.
yes
You can install the vanity first. Then, install the tile up to the vanity and around the pipe for the toilet. Then, install the toilet. That way, you do not have to replace the tile should you ever have to replace the toilet.
If it sits over a cement floor, then no. If it is a nailed down floor, then you can, but you still have to install a cement board.
Yes, but you should you use an adhesive that is ductile
You should install the tile floor first. Install tiles on the entire floor, even under where the vanity will go.
as much as ceramic or porcelain tiles
yes, but it will slide over the years so I would not
I have done this and I always have the hardwood installed first. Then I install the ceramic tile. To protect the hardwood floor from getting grout or glue on it I cover the hardwood floor with a soft cover (to prevent scratches) and tape it down. Then place a plastic cover over the hardwood. Then I can install the ceramic tile at the edge of the hardwood creating hardly or no seem and level with the hardwood. When its done it looks beautiful.I would install the tile first , that way you don't risk getting glue or grout on your hardwood.
Granite
1"
It depends on the condition, material and surface of the laminate. A linolium floor, for example, is soft composition with a textured surface. This makes a horrible foundation for ceramic tile, giving room to crack the grout between tiles. A hardwood-type laminate is smoother and harder which is a better foundation. That said, the best thing to do is rip the laminate out and start fresh.
No, you should not.