Yes, the length.
Catheters are often referred to as male and female but the only difference is the length. Most catheters referred to as male are 16" in length and catheters referred to as female catheters range from 6-8" in length. They are not necessarily gender specific.
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Any time male/female is used to describe something in construction, it refers to which part fits into the other. The male threads into the female part. It is not a type of thread, but how it does it.
Straight catheters are used for intermittent withdrawals, while indwelling (Foley) catheters are inserted and retained in the bladder for continuous drainage of urine into a closed system.
Female x Female coupling
female
Sweat a female fitting on the copper or use a compression coupling between the two.