The .357 is a more powerful (stronger) cartridge than the .38 special. Despite the different numbers for each cartridge, they are essentially the same dimensions except that the .38 special case is shorter, holding less gunpowder and therefore generating less pressure and bullet speed. Some guns that are built to withstand the higher pressures of the .357 cartridge can also shoot lower-pressure .38 special ammunition. Guns built specifically for the .38 special cartridge do not have this ability to shoot both cartridges, since the .357 has higher pressures and the cases are too long for the magazine. Hope this helps!
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