Depends on who made it.
NO
One that is made for it. They hold 10 rounds and run about 35 USD.
Depends on the pistol. Typically 10 rounds for a Colt Woodsman.
Calico
That number of rounds can vary. Most of us are familiar with revolvers that hold six rounds. Some pistol magazines can hold up to 13 and more. I know of one revolver with a cylinder that holds nine rounds.
6, IIRC
It depends on the pistol make and model, and what it is chambered for. Most semi-autos nowadays hold at least 12 rounds. Most revolvers hold six.
None. No such gun.
Normally 30 rounds per clip
No
The number of rounds a magazine holds is a function of the magazine, not a function of the gun. Many 1911 magazines hold 8 rounds, a few Sig magazines hold 8 rounds, and there are others.