If it is not marked on the rifle, the only certain way is to have a gunsmith make a casting of the chamber. This uses a material known as Cerro-Safe, which melts at a very low temperature, and shrinks a minimal amount when it cools and hardens. The smith will plug the barrel, melt Cerro-Safe, pour it into the chamber, and after it hardens, push it out. The casting is then measured with a micrometer, and the measurements compared to known cartridges.
Take the rifle to a gun shop so they can figure out what make, model and caliber rifle you have. There is no 84 caliber long rifle.
The standard caliber of a biathlon rifle is .22.
a .22 caliber
A .177 caliber air rifle has very little recoil.
You will have to contact the company to find out.
.223 caliber or 5.56mm.
No You could build a rifle in .306" or any other caliber but you are likely referring to 30.06. A 30.06 rifle is referred to as "30 Caliber" but to be accurate it is nominally .308"
Yes, I can. A Barrett M107 is a .50 caliber sniper rifle.
The Dragunov (note corrected spelling) sniper rifle is in caliber 7.62x54mmR. This is the same caliber at the Moisin-Nagant 91/30 rifle.
50 caliber
Professional appraisal
Basically impossible to do with just the serial number.