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African slaves were sold in Lisbon as early as 1441. The European discovery and colonization of the Americas set the scene for the trans-Atlantic slave trade. In the course of three hundred years, from the sixteenth to the nineteenth century, upwards of ten million black men, women and children arrived in the Americas as unwilling migrants. Millions more died on the journey to the Atlantic coast, and at sea. The slaves were all African. So too were most of those who first sold them. The buyers and shippers were Europeans.

Slaves for the Trans-Atlantic slave trade were initially sourced in Senegambia and the Windward Coast. Around 1650 the trade moved to west-central Africa. As a result of the slave trade, five times as many Africans arrived in the Americas than Europeans. Slaves were needed on plantations and for mines and the majority was shipped to Brazil, the Caribbean, and the Spanish Empire. Less than 5% traveled to the Northern American States formally held by the British.

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Q: How did transatlantic slave trade function?
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