Satire is used to persuade an audience, while sarcasm is used to tell a joke
Sarcasm
Acerbity, cynicism, mockery, satire...
To make the object of satire; to attack with satire; to censure with keenness or severe sarcasm.
They both use humor to make a point.
satire
Satire is a form of humor that uses irony, sarcasm, or exaggeration to criticize or ridicule people's vices, follies, or shortcomings. Perception of satire can vary, as some may appreciate its cleverness and social commentary, while others may find it offensive or inappropriate. Understanding the intent behind the satire is important in how it is perceived by different individuals.
This is known as mockery or ridicule, where criticism is expressed through humor, sarcasm, or satire. It aims to undermine the subject by exaggerating its flaws or shortcomings in a humorous or contemptuous way.
Subjects of satire can include politics, social issues, human behavior, and institutions such as government, religion, and media. Satire often uses humor, irony, and sarcasm to critique and expose the flaws or absurdities in these subjects.
"A Modest Proposal" by Jonathan Swift is a Juvenalian satire. It uses irony and sarcasm to critique the British government's treatment of the Irish poor and suggest a shocking solution to the problem of poverty.
Candide is mainly a Horatian satire because Voltaire pokes fun at different cultures, people, etc. There are some aspects of Juvenalian satire in Candide, but it is not as prominent as Horatian satire.
Franklin uses satire and sarcasm in this excerpt to highlight and critique the absurdity and shortcomings of certain societal norms or behaviors. By employing these rhetorical devices, Franklin can convey his criticism in a more engaging and impactful manner, prompting readers to reflect on the issues he is addressing.
Tone, irony, satire, and sarcasm can affect comprehension by providing additional layers of meaning to the text. They can help convey the author's attitude, highlight contradictions or absurdities, and add humor or criticism. However, if not understood or misinterpreted, they can lead to confusion or miscommunication.