Yes every gun must have the caliber or gauge stamped on the barrel. The ATF wording is as follows.
Pursuant to 27 CFR § 478.92(a)(1), you, as a licensed manufacturer or licensed importer of firearms, must legibly identify each firearm manufactured or imported as follows:
If you're talking about firearms, caliber refers to the diameter of the bullet or the bore size of of the gun.
the caliber is stamped on the gun.
Gun shop, gun show, want ad,
Blue Book of Gun Values, old gun catalogs
The manufacturer is normally stamped on the firearm next to the model, caliber, and serial number.
The caliber of a Philadelphia derringer with Jukar 054167 Jukar stamped on the barrel is not known. There isn't enough information to determine what the caliber would be. A gun collector would be a good person to ask.
POSSIBLY a rimfire revolver known as the Swiss Mini Gun. It is caliber 2.34mm, or about .092 caliber. It is not available in the US to due laws regarding import of firearms.
gun shop, gun show, pawn shop, want ad
Blue Book of Gun Values
Library, Blue Book of Gun Values, Standard Firearms Dictionary.
FI was an importer, not a maker. Late 70's IIRC
There are several manufacturers who make or have made firearms in that calibre, and cost varies greatly.