The main difference between concept/construct and variable is the details. Concept/construct is a basic idea. For example, it is male or female. Variable is more detailed. It is whether the female or male is straight, bi-sexual, or homo-sexual.
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A concept is an abstract idea or general notion, while a construct is a theoretical idea that is created to explain or represent a concept. Variables, on the other hand, are measurable quantities that can vary or change in a study. Constructs help define and operationalize concepts into measurable variables for research purposes.
Yes, "theory" is an abstract noun because it represents an idea, concept, or mental construct rather than a physical object or person. It is intangible and exists only in the realm of thought and understanding.
The validity of a test refers to the extent to which it measures what it intends to measure. It assesses if a test is actually capturing the construct or concept it is designed to measure. Validity is essential to ensure that test scores are meaningful and can be generalized to the intended population.
A key concept is a main idea or theme that runs throughout a piece of writing and helps organize the content, while a topic sentence is a sentence that introduces the main idea of a paragraph and outlines the focus of that specific section. In essence, the key concept relates to the overall content of a piece, whereas a topic sentence is specific to a paragraph within that piece.
The process of business initiation or growth starts with marketing. Marketing involves advertising the product or service somebody has, approaching or attracting the potential customer or prospect, getting potential customer needs and in turn modifying the product or service to suit the requirement of customer or reposition the product or service, communicate or educate the prospects about the value he may derive from buying the product. It may involve advertising in any form, communication with e-mails or letters or by post and presentation and demonstration of product. In nutshell marketing puts the customer in positive frame of mind with respect to the product. Next is the stage for selling. Selling involves showing the product to the targeted and willing customer the product on offer to suit his requirement and overcoming his objections to finally close the deal. Accrual concept states that expenses and incomes are recognised only for the period they relate not when the actually paid or received. The matching concept is an extension of the accrual concept. It states that the expenses and incomes incurred in the same accounting period must to match against each other (that is revenue recognize for this accounting period must be match against expense recognize for the same accounting period).
The concept of discontinuity is characterized by qualitative change, where there is a distinct break or gap between different states or levels. This differs from quantitative change, which involves gradual shifts in magnitude, and cumulative change, which involves the gradual accumulation of small, incremental changes.