The 23rd pair of chromosomes are the sex chromosomes. In female humans, both sex chromosomes are homologous, and characterized as XX. In male humans, one sex chromosome is an X chromosome and the other is a much smaller, nonhomologous Y chromosome, and is characterized as XY.
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The two chromosomes in each matching pair in a karyotype are homologous chromosomes. These homologous chromosomes carry genes for the same traits at the same loci. One chromosome in the pair is inherited from the mother and the other from the father.
A pair of similar chromosomes with the same genes in the same locations is known as homologous chromosomes. Homologous chromosomes are inherited from each parent and play a crucial role in genetic variation and inheritance.
Homologous chromosomes
A homologous pair contains 2 chromosomes, each with 2 chromatids after duplicating in preparation for cell division. This results in 4 chromatids in total for the homologous pair.
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