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Males have two different sex chromosomes, X and Y. Each sperm only carries half the amount of chromosomes of normal (non-sex) cells. This is so that when sperm and egg combine, the new organism has the correct number of chromosomes, half from each parent.
So each sperm will carry 22 autosomes (non-sex chromosomes) and either an X or Y chromosome - because this is half the male's genetic information.
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ViviMales produce two different gametes (sperm) because they have one X and one Y sex chromosome, which determines their sex. During meiosis, the sex chromosomes separate to result in two different types of sperm containing either an X or Y chromosome, leading to the production of offspring with different genetic sex characteristics.
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What is the purpose of meiosis with respect to chromosome number of parent cells and daughter cells?
The purpose of meiosis is to reduce the chromosome number by half from diploid parent cells to haploid daughter cells. This reduction is essential for sexual reproduction to maintain a constant chromosome number across generations and to create genetic diversity through recombination.
How similar are two people with respect to chromosomes genes and alleles?
Two individuals can be highly similar in terms of chromosomes, genes, and alleles if they are closely related, such as siblings. They will share a significant portion of their genetic material due to inheritance. However, unrelated individuals will have more differences in their genetic makeup, with variations in chromosomes, genes, and alleles.
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