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Using his telescope, Galileo observed Jupiter over a period of months. He easily noticed the 4 largest moons. Which you can remember using this simple pneumonic device.

I. E.at G.reen C.atterpillars

Io, Europoa, Ganeimyde, and Callisto

Anyway, he observed these over a period of month, and sketched their movements every week or so, and eventually began to notice that they would disappear for a day or two, and then reappear on the other side of Jupiter. Logically they must have been orbiting around Jupiter.

This contradicted the Ptolemic model in which all objects in space orbited around the earth.

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12y ago
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6mo ago

Galileo's observations of the phases of Venus were crucial in refuting Ptolemy's epicycles. These observations showed that Venus goes through a full set of phases, including a crescent and gibbous phase, which supported the heliocentric model of Copernicus over the geocentric model of Ptolemy.

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15y ago

Galileo discovered that the moon was not perfect, the milky way was made up of a myriad of stars too small to see, and four new moons orbiting Jupiter. The new moons of Jupiter supported the Copernican theory over the Ptolemaic model.

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13y ago

The complete cycle of Venus' phases.

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Q: Which observations of Galileo refuted Ptolemy's epicycles?
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