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Gelatinisation - where starch absorbs liquid in the presence of heat and therefore thickens the mixture
Gelation - starch also forms gels
Dextrinisation - where starch breaks down into dextrins (eg. when bread is toasted)
Pectin (Gelation) - pectin, a polysaccharide found in many fleshy fruits, thickens liquids and forms gels when heated
Crystallisation - sucrose (sugar) dissolves and reforms as crystals when heated
Caramelisation - crystallisation continues until sugar turns brown, or caramelises.
The hydroxyl (-OH) group is a key functional group in carbohydrates, contributing to their polarity, hydrogen bonding, and solubility in water. The carbonyl group (such as in an aldehyde or ketone) is also important, influencing reactivity and classification of carbohydrates into monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides.
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What functional group is in fructose?
The main functional groups in sugar and other carbohydrates is the carbonyl group and the hydroxyl group. The carbonyl group is composed of the aldehyde and ketone groups.
Does glycerol have a carboxyl functional group?
No, glycerol does not have a carboxyl functional group. It has three hydroxyl groups (-OH) which are responsible for its properties as a polyol.
What are the different functional groups in the compound morphine?
Morphine contains several functional groups, including a phenol group (OH), an alcohol group (CH3CH2OH), an ether group (ROR'), an amine group (NH2), and an aromatic ring system. These functional groups contribute to the pharmacological actions and properties of morphine as a potent opioid analgesic.
Specific combinations of atoms attached to the carbon skeleton are called?
Functional groups. These groups determine the chemical behavior and properties of organic compounds.
Functional groups in aspirin?
Aspirin contains an acetyl functional group (-COCH3) which is attached to a benzene ring. This acetyl group is responsible for the anti-inflammatory properties of aspirin.
Functional groups present in a molecule?
Functional groups are specific groups of atoms within a molecule that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of that molecule. Common functional groups include hydroxyl (-OH), carbonyl (C=O), carboxyl (-COOH), amino (-NH2), and phosphate (-PO4). These groups give molecules unique properties and determine their reactivity with other molecules.
What functional group is in fructose?
The main functional groups in sugar and other carbohydrates is the carbonyl group and the hydroxyl group. The carbonyl group is composed of the aldehyde and ketone groups.
What is the importance of functional groups?
Functional groups are specific arrangements of atoms within a molecule that determine its reactivity and chemical properties. They play a crucial role in determining the functions of biological molecules, such as proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates. Understanding functional groups helps chemists predict how molecules will behave in chemical reactions and allows biologists to interpret the structure and function of biomolecules.
Why are the side groups added onto the carbon chain called functional groups?
Functional groups are often added onto the carbon chain because they impart specific chemical reactivity and properties to the molecule. These groups are called functional groups because they determine the chemical behavior and function of the organic compound they are part of.
Why are functional groups often responsible for how an organized compound reacts?
Functional groups are specific atoms or groups of atoms within a molecule that determine its chemical properties and reactivity. These groups dictate how the molecule will interact with other compounds or undergo chemical reactions due to their unique structures and properties. Therefore, the presence of functional groups plays a crucial role in determining the overall reactivity of an organic compound.
Does nitroglycerin has a functional group?
Yes, nitroglycerin contains three nitrate functional groups, which are responsible for its explosive properties.
Does glycerol have a carboxyl functional group?
No, glycerol does not have a carboxyl functional group. It has three hydroxyl groups (-OH) which are responsible for its properties as a polyol.
What are the four functional groups?
The four functional groups are hydroxyl (-OH), carbonyl (C=O), carboxyl (-COOH), and amino (-NH2). These groups are common in organic molecules and determine the chemical properties and reactivity of the compounds they are part of.
What set of functional groups are always found in sugars?
The functional groups commonly found in sugars are hydroxyl groups (-OH), carbonyl group (C=O), and ether linkage (C-O-C). These functional groups are essential for the structure and properties of sugars.
What functional groups is mismatched to the organic compound?
Give me the names of the functional groups and the organic compound, and I can help you determine if there is a mismatch.
In an organic compound which parts largely determine its physical and chemical properties?
The functional groups largely determine the physical and chemical properties of an organic compound. These groups are responsible for the reactivity, solubility, boiling/melting points, and other properties of the compound. Additionally, the type and arrangement of atoms in the compound's backbone also play a significant role in determining its properties.
Which functional groups are present in carbohydrates?
alcohol, aldehyde, or ketone.
