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Gelatinisation - where starch absorbs liquid in the presence of heat and therefore thickens the mixture
Gelation - starch also forms gels
Dextrinisation - where starch breaks down into dextrins (eg. when bread is toasted)
Pectin (Gelation) - pectin, a polysaccharide found in many fleshy fruits, thickens liquids and forms gels when heated
Crystallisation - sucrose (sugar) dissolves and reforms as crystals when heated
Caramelisation - crystallisation continues until sugar turns brown, or caramelises.
What else can I help you with?
What is the difference a functional group and macromolecule?
A functional group is a specific group of atoms within a molecule that determines the chemical properties and reactivity of that molecule, such as hydroxyl (-OH) or carboxyl (-COOH) groups. In contrast, a macromolecule is a large, complex molecule typically composed of many smaller subunits, such as proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids. While functional groups contribute to the properties of individual molecules, macromolecules are formed by the assembly of numerous atoms and smaller molecules, often incorporating multiple functional groups. Thus, functional groups are components of macromolecules, influencing their behavior and interactions.
What functional group is in fructose?
The main functional groups in sugar and other carbohydrates is the carbonyl group and the hydroxyl group. The carbonyl group is composed of the aldehyde and ketone groups.
Does glycerol have a carboxyl functional group?
No, glycerol does not have a carboxyl functional group. It has three hydroxyl groups (-OH) which are responsible for its properties as a polyol.
What are the different functional groups in the compound morphine?
Morphine contains several functional groups, including a phenol group (OH), an alcohol group (CH3CH2OH), an ether group (ROR'), an amine group (NH2), and an aromatic ring system. These functional groups contribute to the pharmacological actions and properties of morphine as a potent opioid analgesic.
What are unique chemical groups confer special properties to an organic molecule called?
Unique chemical groups that confer special properties to an organic molecule are called functional groups. These groups determine how the molecule interacts with other substances, influencing its reactivity, solubility, and overall behavior in chemical reactions. Examples of functional groups include hydroxyl (-OH), carboxyl (-COOH), and amino (-NH2) groups. Each functional group imparts specific characteristics that are crucial for the molecule's role in biological systems.
Functional groups are common in carbohydrates?
Functional groups are essential components of carbohydrates, as they determine the chemical properties and reactivity of these organic molecules. The most common functional groups found in carbohydrates include hydroxyl (-OH) groups, which are responsible for their solubility in water, and carbonyl (C=O) groups, found in sugars like aldehydes and ketones. These functional groups enable carbohydrates to participate in various biochemical reactions and play critical roles in energy storage and structural integrity in living organisms. Overall, the presence of these functional groups is key to the diverse functions of carbohydrates in biological systems.
What is the difference a functional group and macromolecule?
A functional group is a specific group of atoms within a molecule that determines the chemical properties and reactivity of that molecule, such as hydroxyl (-OH) or carboxyl (-COOH) groups. In contrast, a macromolecule is a large, complex molecule typically composed of many smaller subunits, such as proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids. While functional groups contribute to the properties of individual molecules, macromolecules are formed by the assembly of numerous atoms and smaller molecules, often incorporating multiple functional groups. Thus, functional groups are components of macromolecules, influencing their behavior and interactions.
What functional group is in fructose?
The main functional groups in sugar and other carbohydrates is the carbonyl group and the hydroxyl group. The carbonyl group is composed of the aldehyde and ketone groups.
Functional groups present in a molecule?
Functional groups are specific groups of atoms within a molecule that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of that molecule. Common functional groups include hydroxyl (-OH), carbonyl (C=O), carboxyl (-COOH), amino (-NH2), and phosphate (-PO4). These groups give molecules unique properties and determine their reactivity with other molecules.
What is the importance of functional groups?
Functional groups help to determine how the molecule reacts. For instance, if a carbon chain has a large number of methyl groups, then you would know that the molecule would be hydrophobic and found in a hydrophobic environment. On the other hand, if a carbon chain had a carboxyl group, then it would be found in a hydrophilic environment and would make the solution acidic. In addition to determine what kind of solutions they would be found in, functional groups indicate what the molecule will react with and what it will bind to.
Why are the side groups added onto the carbon chain called functional groups?
The side groups added into the carbon chain participate in reactions. So they are called functional groups.the chemical and physical properties of organic compounds change with the functional groups.
How do functional groups compare in terms of their chemical properties and reactivity?
Functional groups are specific groups of atoms within a molecule that determine its chemical properties and reactivity. Different functional groups have distinct characteristics that influence how they interact with other molecules. For example, some functional groups may be more reactive than others due to the presence of certain atoms or bonds. Overall, the type of functional group present in a molecule can greatly impact its chemical behavior and reactivity.
Why are functional groups often responsible for how an organized compound reacts?
Functional groups are specific atoms or groups of atoms within a molecule that determine its chemical properties and reactivity. These groups dictate how the molecule will interact with other compounds or undergo chemical reactions due to their unique structures and properties. Therefore, the presence of functional groups plays a crucial role in determining the overall reactivity of an organic compound.
Does glycerol have a carboxyl functional group?
No, glycerol does not have a carboxyl functional group. It has three hydroxyl groups (-OH) which are responsible for its properties as a polyol.
Does nitroglycerin has a functional group?
Yes, nitroglycerin contains three nitrate functional groups, which are responsible for its explosive properties.
What functional groups is mismatched to the organic compound?
Phosphate-carbohydrates Sulfhydryl-proteins Amino-proteins Hydroxyl-alcohols Carboxyl-fatty acids
What are the four functional groups?
The four functional groups are hydroxyl (-OH), carbonyl (C=O), carboxyl (-COOH), and amino (-NH2). These groups are common in organic molecules and determine the chemical properties and reactivity of the compounds they are part of.
