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A marker molecule on a cell that the immune system uses to recognize a pathogen?
The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules are marker molecules on cells that the immune system uses to recognize pathogens. MHC molecules present fragments of pathogens on the cell surface to alert immune cells to the presence of the pathogen. This helps the immune system to target and eliminate infected cells.
The function of an antigen-presenting cell depends on the presence of what?
The function of an antigen-presenting cell depends on the presence of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, which provide a platform for presenting antigens to T cells. Additionally, the presence of co-stimulatory molecules is crucial for activating T cells and initiating an immune response.
Do cancer cells have MHC?
Yes, cancer cells can have major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, which play a role in immune recognition. However, cancer cells can also downregulate MHC expression as an immune evasion strategy.
What are the cells that target the MHC proteins on another cell?
macrophages
What is the cell surface marker?
Cell surface markers are proteins or molecules found on the surface of cells that serve as identification tags. These markers are used by cells to communicate and interact with each other, as well as to help the immune system recognize foreign invaders. Cell surface markers are commonly used in research and diagnostics to identify and characterize different cell types.
What is the difference between T cell receptors and MHC molecules?
T cell receptors bind to MHC class 1 molecules. MHC class 1 molecules bind to peptides (self or foreign) and present it to the cell's membrane. The job of a T cell is to decide what is presented on the MHC class 1 cell whether to leave it alone or to activate to destroy it because it is non-self.
When an antigen binds to a Class 1 MHC molecule it stimulates what cell?
Class I MHC molecules present antigens to cytotoxic T-cells (which are CD3+CD8+).
Where are major histocompatibility complex-you MHC-you molecules located?
Each individual has a unique MHC profile Clinically important MHC are HLA(human leukocyte antigens) -A, -B -DR -expression of a particular combination of MHC genes Class I - are located on all nucleated cells Class II - are located on macrophages, dendritic cells, B cells.
What do IgE antibodies T cell receptors and MHC molecules have in common?
They are all players of your adaptive immunity.
Difference between MHC class1 and MHC class2 molecules?
MHC class I molecules present intracellular peptides to CD8+ T cells, while MHC class II molecules present extracellular peptides to CD4+ T cells. Class I molecules are found on all nucleated cells, whereas class II molecules are primarily on antigen-presenting cells. Both classes play crucial roles in the immune response by presenting antigens to T cells.
A marker molecule on a cell that the immune system uses to recognize a pathogen?
The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules are marker molecules on cells that the immune system uses to recognize pathogens. MHC molecules present fragments of pathogens on the cell surface to alert immune cells to the presence of the pathogen. This helps the immune system to target and eliminate infected cells.
The function of an antigen-presenting cell depends on the presence of what?
The function of an antigen-presenting cell depends on the presence of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, which provide a platform for presenting antigens to T cells. Additionally, the presence of co-stimulatory molecules is crucial for activating T cells and initiating an immune response.
What is the difference between a class I MHC mechanism vs a class II MHC mechanism?
The Class I MHC molecules process endogenous(intracellular) peptides/antigens whereas the Class II process exogenous(extracellular) peptides/antigens. The Class I molecules are assembled and located in the ER whereas the Class II are assembled in the ER but located in the endosomes. When extracellular peptides are taken into the cell via receptor mediated endocytosis or phagocytosis, they will be transported into the endosomes and get degraded. This will enable the peptide generated to be loaded onto the Class II molecules. For Class I, when a bacteria or virus infect a cell, they will replicate and produce proteins. These proteins will be ubiquitinated and degraded by the proteasome. This smaller peptides can then be transported into the ER via the TAP transporters, that are complexed with the Class I molecules, to be loaded onto the Class I molecules.
What is the role of MHC?
Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) molecules play a crucial role in the immune system by presenting antigens to T cells. This helps T cells identify and respond to foreign invaders such as viruses or bacteria. MHC molecules are essential for adaptive immune responses and play a key role in determining compatibility for organ transplants.
What is the difference between MHC and HLA?
MHC (Major Histocompatibility Complex) is a region of genes that codes for cell surface proteins involved in immune recognition, including the HLA (Human Leukocyte Antigen) genes. HLA specifically refers to the proteins encoded by MHC genes in humans, while MHC is a broader term that encompasses similar gene regions in other species.
Do cancer cells have MHC?
Yes, cancer cells can have major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, which play a role in immune recognition. However, cancer cells can also downregulate MHC expression as an immune evasion strategy.
T cells undergo positive selection in the thymus which means?
T cells that can recognize self-antigens with low affinity for MHC molecules are selected for survival, while those with no affinity are eliminated through apoptosis. This process ensures that mature T cells are capable of recognizing foreign antigens presented by MHC molecules without inducing an autoimmune response.
