A supernova.
A star the size of our Sun or smaller is too small to become a "Nova", so we can expect that the original brightness of a "nova" star is probably brighter than the Sun; possibly a lot brighter.
A nova is a star that suddenly increases in brightness.
A supernova.supernova
When a star flares, it experiences a sudden and intense release of energy, typically in the form of light and radiation. This phenomenon is most commonly observed in stars with strong magnetic fields, such as our Sun, and is caused by the reconfiguration of magnetic field lines. Flares can emit bursts of ultraviolet, X-ray, and radio waves, temporarily increasing the star's brightness significantly. These events can have implications for surrounding planets, including increased radiation exposure and potential impacts on their atmospheres.
Not all stars produce solar flares. Solar flares are primarily associated with stars that have strong magnetic fields, like our Sun, which is a G-type main-sequence star. Other types of stars may exhibit flaring activity, but the frequency and intensity vary widely depending on the star's characteristics, including its age, size, and magnetic activity. In general, cooler stars, particularly M-type red dwarfs, tend to have more frequent flares than hotter stars.
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The phase of a star where it cools and fades away is called the white dwarf phase. During this stage, the star no longer undergoes nuclear fusion and gradually loses its heat and brightness over billions of years.
A star the size of our Sun or smaller is too small to become a "Nova", so we can expect that the original brightness of a "nova" star is probably brighter than the Sun; possibly a lot brighter.
A Nova. The colossal explosion of a very large star at the end of its life is a Supernova.
A nova is a star that suddenly increases in brightness.
Yes.
As a star dies, its luminosity fades. It is in a sense the radiation that keeps it from collapsing. When the radiation fades beyond a certain point, the star collapses. The collapse releases a huge burst of energy and light and the star turns into a nova or supernova. At this point several things can happen. The star can turn into a black hole but other things can happen as well.
In Japanese, "nova" (ノヴァ) typically refers to a star that suddenly increases in brightness and then gradually fades, similar to its meaning in English. However, it can also be used in various contexts, such as in the names of products or brands. Additionally, in a broader sense, "nova" can imply something new or innovative.
Assuming you mean a "main sequence" yellow star, it's a white dwarf star. In the end that fades to a black dwarf.
NOVA
A supernova.supernova
The final stage of a yellow star like our Sun is the formation of a planetary nebula. This occurs when the star sheds its outer layers into space, leaving behind a hot core called a white dwarf. Over time, the white dwarf will cool and fade away.