Lithosphere
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The lithosphere is most directly affected by earthquakes and volcanoes. Earthquakes occur when there is movement along faults in the lithosphere, while volcanoes are associated with the release of molten rock, or magma, through the lithosphere to the surface.
The two spheres of the Earth that affect both volcanoes and earthquakes are the lithosphere and the asthenosphere. The lithosphere is the rigid outer layer of the Earth that is broken into tectonic plates, which can cause earthquakes when they move. The asthenosphere is a semi-fluid layer beneath the lithosphere that allows for the movement of tectonic plates and the formation of volcanic activity.
the atmosphere, hydrosphere,geosphere,and biosphere
Ptolemy called the transparent spheres in his geocentric theory "celestial spheres." He believed that these spheres carried the celestial bodies, such as the planets and stars, in circular motion around the Earth.
lithosphere
atmoshere