The periderm is the secondary protective (dermal) tissue that replaces the epidermis during growth in thickness of stems and roots of gymnosperms and dicotyledons (i.e., secondary growth). Unlike the epidermis, the periderm is a multilayered tissue system, the bulk of which usually constitutes the cork, or phellem.
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The epidermis is the outermost layer of cells in plants, responsible for protection and gas exchange. Periderm is a secondary tissue that replaces the epidermis in woody plants for protection and healing.
The protective outer layers of a plant are composed of dermal tissue, which includes the epidermis and periderm. The epidermis is the outermost layer of cells that covers young plant parts, while the periderm replaces the epidermis in older, woody plant parts. Dermal tissue provides a protective barrier against physical damage, pests, and pathogens.
The periderm is composed of three layers: cork (phellem) on the outside, cork cambium (phellogen) in the middle, and phelloderm on the inside. The periderm serves as a protective layer in woody plants to replace the epidermis as the plant matures.
The periderm replaces the epidermis in the woody stem to provide protection from physical damage and help prevent water loss. It forms a thick, waterproof layer of bark that serves as a barrier against environmental factors. The periderm also contains cork cells that are dead at maturity, providing additional structural support to the growing stem.
Secondary growth in cortical region forms secondary cortex inside and periderm outside the cortical cambium
Protective tissues in plant bodies are typically found in the epidermis, which is the outermost layer of cells. The epidermis is responsible for protecting the plant from physical damage, pathogens, and water loss. In woody plants, the outermost layer of the stem and roots is covered by a thick layer of protective tissue called the periderm, which replaces the epidermis in older parts of the plant.