GCMS involves running the sample through a mass spectrometer following the data received from chromatography. MS fragments the analytes to show patterns specific to the analyte (and the ionization technique and sector powers) therefore allowing the analyte to be identified. GC is used to separate all volatile substituents of a sample so they can be identified one by one.
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Chromatography separates a mixture into its individual components based on their interactions with a stationary phase and a mobile phase, while spectrometry measures the interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter to determine properties such as mass, structure, and concentration of substances. Chromatography provides qualitative and quantitative information about the components of a mixture, while spectrometry provides structural and compositional information about chemicals.
Chromatography is technique for separation of mixture components (either for analytical or preparative purposes) based on their different distribution between stationary and mobile phase.
Spectrometry is measurement technique (often used in chromatography as a detection technique) based on a measurement of spectra (in UV/VIS spectrometry - absorbance as a function of wavelength, in mass spectrometry - ion abundance as a function of m/z, in fluorescence spectrometry - emission as a function of wavelength etc.).
The chromatogramm is the result, the picture you get after the procedure.
Chromatography is the technique used.
LC-MS is the abbreviation for Liquid Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry. It is a method for doing analysis.
High pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) are often used interchangeably. HPLC refers to modern liquid chromatography systems with high resolution and efficiency, while high pressure liquid chromatography specifically highlights the use of higher pressures in the system to improve separation and speed. Both terms generally refer to the same chromatographic technique.
Some general techniques of laboratory investigations of compounds include spectroscopy (such as UV-Vis, IR, and NMR), chromatography (such as gas chromatography and liquid chromatography), mass spectrometry, and X-ray crystallography. These techniques are commonly used to analyze the structure, composition, and properties of compounds.
A chromatogram is obtained by running a sample through a chromatography technique such as gas chromatography (GC) or liquid chromatography (LC). The components of the sample separate based on their unique properties as they move through the stationary phase in the column. Detection methods such as mass spectrometry or ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy are then used to generate a chromatogram showing the peaks corresponding to each component.
Liquid chromatography (LC) encompasses all chromatographic techniques using liquid mobile phase, including planar chromatography (paper chromatography and thin-layer chromatography) and column chromatography (classical column chromatography, and high-performance liquid chromatography on packed and capillary columns). The term liquid chromatography is nowadays often used as a sinonim for high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC).